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Greatest hydrogen use in transport to help decarbonize long-distance transportation

Oil&Gas Materials 14 March 2022 14:23 (UTC +04:00)
Greatest hydrogen use in transport to help decarbonize long-distance transportation
Laman Zeynalova
Laman Zeynalova
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BAKU, Azerbaijan, March 14

By Leman Zeynalova – Trend:

The greatest use of hydrogen within the transport sector is to help decarbonize long-distance transportation, especially within marine (in the form of ammonia, methanol and synthetic diesel) and aviation (in the form of synthetic jet fuel), Trend reports with reference to bp’s Energy Outlook 2022 which covers the period until 2050.

“The production of these H-fuels account for around 75-80 percent of the hydrogen used within the transport sector by 2050 in Accelerated and Net Zero. The remainder is used directly in heavy-duty road transport and, to a much lesser extent, rail. By 2050, H-fuels and hydrogen account for around 5-15% of total final energy used by the transport sector in the two scenarios,” the company said.

The report shows that the relatively high costs of transporting hydrogen means that most of the hydrogen is produced and consumed within regions, although some inter-regional trade develops over the outlook in Accelerated and Net Zero, with exports from regions with advantaged production, including the Middle East, Russia, South & Central America and Africa, flowing to developed Asia and the EU.

“The growth of hydrogen over the first ten years of Accelerated and Net Zero is relatively modest, driven by the increasing use of low-carbon hydrogen as a feedstock, albeit constrained by the long lead times for low-carbon hydrogen projects to come online at scale. The pace of growth accelerates sharply in the 2030s and 2040s as falling costs of production and tightening carbon emission polices allow low-carbon hydrogen to compete against incumbent fuels,” bp says.

In particular, the company notes that the expanding use of lowcarbon hydrogen complements the growing electrification of the energy system in Accelerated and Net Zero, providing a source of low-carbon energy for activities and processes which are difficult to electrify, especially in industry and transport, as well as being a source of flexibility for power system stability. The use of hydrogen in industry is concentrated in parts of heavy industry, such as iron and steel, chemicals, and cement, which rely on high-temperature processes. By 2050, hydrogen accounts for 5-10 percent of total final energy used in industry in Accelerated and Net Zero.

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Follow the author on Twitter: @Lyaman_Zeyn

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