Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov arrived early Thursday in Egypt, joining Russian Defence Minister Sergei Shoigu for for top-level talks, dpa reported.
The ministers are due to meet Egypt's interim president Adly Mansour as well as their Egyptian counterparts, as the two countries seek to reinforce ties.
Egypt's military is looking for arms suppliers other than the United States, which suspended deliveries of military hardware and cash aid after the army overthrew Islamist president Mohammed Morsi in July.
A Russian military intelligence delegation visited Cairo in October.
Egypt had close relations with the Soviet Union from the 1950s. That changed in the 1970s, when president Anwar Sadat cancelled military contracts with Moscow, and shifted his policies toward the West.