The Taliban in a statement late Monday threatened Afghan national conference participants with "harsh penalties" if they voted for permanent American bases in the country, dpa reported.
The Afghan government is set to hold the national conference, called the Loya Jirga or Grand Assembly, from Wednesday to discuss a partnership pact with the United States and proposed peace talks with the Taliban.
The Taliban called the meeting "an unfortunate plan" by "the foreign enemies and their internal mercenaries" and said those who vote would be considered "national traitors."
At least 2,000 politicians, tribal elders, provincial officials, lawmakers and members of civil society will attend the four-day conference.
High on the agenda are negotiations between the United States and Afghanistan about a strategic partnership agreement to be finalised ahead of the planned withdrawal of NATO forces in 2014.
The Jirga is "a way to give a legal face to unlawful occupation of Afghanistan" by the United States and to establish "a permanent presence," the statement said.
The Taliban said if Afghanistan does not block the "ominous plan" of strategic partnership, the country will face the same future as Japan and South Korea. The two countries are "occupied and subdued" and continue to experience "violations and crimes committed by the Americans troops."
The Taliban also said the sole reason for the ongoing conflict is the presence of the foreign forces in Afghanistan.
"If the foreign invaders leave, then there are many Islamic and Afghan channels which can be utilized to solve our internal problems," the statement said, adding that Afghans are capable of solving their own problems.
Earlier in the day, a suicide bomber apparently targeting the Jirga was killed by Afghan police before he could blow himself up.
Kabul, where Taliban insurgents have carried out a string of attacks in recent months, is on high alert during the conference, with additional troops deployed in the capital's streets.
On Sunday, the Taliban sent out an emailed copy of purported secret security plans for the Jirga that included maps, phone numbers of intelligence officers and security postings. Officials denied the document's authenticity.