Last Wednesday Azerbaijan issued a program on deserved labor in the Republic of Azerbaijan in 2006-2009, with the major priorities formulated in the following way: the improvement of the employment policy, creation of new jobs, consolidation of a social dialogue, more efficient application of international labor norms and standards. The program was developed in close cooperation with International Labor Organization (ILO) and its trilateral partners governmental officials, employer unions and employees.
As to major priorities of the program the employment of population, the ILO representatives noted that despite considerable rise of the GDP (26.2%), Azerbaijan still faces with serious problems in the sphere of employment and one of more vulnerable groups in this respect is youth, who comprises the two third of the country's population and 61% of all unemployed. According to the Azerbaijani Ministry of Labor and Social Security, 70% of all jobless officially registered in the country are people aged to 35, 26% - people with high and special secondary education. So, the unemployment is in progress among youth. The special weight of the youth in the structure of the jobless comprises 60.6%.
Respectively, unless the society the way to attract the youth to working, hardships are inevitable. The considerable part of the youth who gathered at different nationalist events in Russia are the jobless. If to base on figures there is no problem of jobless in Russia at all.
Their average amount per country comprises approximately 7%, and in some regions they are serious, but in others even catastrophic. As of 1 February, the total number of the unemployed in Russia made up approximately 5.6mln people. The number of the unemployed aged between 16 and 29 made up 41% of the total, calculated by the Russian Statistics Committee. The overwhelming majority of the jobless youth are met among youth aged between 18 and 24. Merely 31% of the unemployed in Russia are the young people.
In general, the figure is not threatening in Russia as some 14% of every 7th are jobless in Russia. However, if to take into consideration that now 30% of young citizens re studying for high education, one can state that at present every 4th young man in Russia is jobless. The army of young people in search of jobs amid acute deficit in workforce enabling to speak about string demand for import of hundred thousands of workers from CIS a year is enough serious fact to think over the reasons.
In accordance with the ILO's report, spread on the state of the labor market the jobless young constitute 44% among youth. The average level of unemployment among young in G7 countries is approximately 12%. In the post-Soviet area this figure is 23%.
However, the following combination of factors at the labor market is peculiar only for Russia: stably high unemployment ratio among youth, which ranges 50-70% in poorest regions, growing number of jobless people with high education increasing share of qualified specialists at labor markets and epic scale of deficit in specialists.
The developments are regional of regional character. It is nothing else than an illusion when the world urges Moscow is designed for young people who spend time between shopping centers and night clubs in break. Two age groups under 25 and above 45 are posed to discrimination in the labor market. The market is favorable for those aged between 30 and 40, solid specialists of any profile and they comprise the medium class in Russia.
There is a big difference in salaries of young specialists and simply specialists in great in Russia even in big western companies. It is not so difficult to describe the reasons causing the development. It is the short horizon of planning by employer companies: it is senseless to hold young employees if you are unaware what will happen after 3 years and it is more expedient to retain the professionals of medium age who are on the top of experience and efficiency. These are administrative barriers, which do not enable to set up private business in giant sectors of economy ranging from social to public transport.
The majority of youth who gathered in nationalist rallies in Moscow demanded from Moscow's Mayoral Office to remove the all expatriates. It would be wiser to demand reforms and creation of new jobs. However, it is too difficult to expect economic thinking from a 23-year old young man. He would guess that those from Tajikistan and Azerbaijan, who are working in the construction fields for kopeks, diminish their opportunities to pressure on employers.
The problem of unemployment among youth is not peculiar only Russia or Azerbaijan. Over the past 10 years this ratio rose fro 12% to 13% worldwide, and reduced only in G7 countries, East Europe and former USSR, but mainly at the expense of aging of able layers of the population.
The approximate place of the major reserve of workforce is clear to eliminate unemployment among youth. It can be the completion of reforms in the sector of social service, where the youth is not almost involved, reforms within the armed forces, reforms in the less efficient Interior Ministry, legal reforms, and administrative reforms. Moreover, the completion of reformation of the high education and science can also compensate obvious faults in the labor market. It is senseless to train thousand of specialists at the expense of state of funds, male part escapes from the nightmare of army, while female part spend time almost in education clubs and they will not find job on profession anywhere with such poor quality of education.
So, the younger of the society is more politicized at present, more obviously if the world opposes you, it will not be sin to attempt to change it, more probably, radically
Article uses materials published in www.gazeta.ru