BAKU, Azerbaijan, September 27. Global clean ammonia exports are expected to reach 121 million tons per annum (tpa) by 2050, Trend reports.
As Rystad Energy, independent energy research and business intelligence company from Norway, forecasts, Africa is expected to contribute 40.7 million tpa, while Australia is anticipated to account for 35.9 million tpa based on announced projects.
According to the report, currently, there are 220 ammonia infrastructure projects worldwide, with a combined handling capacity exceeding 6 million tons.
Australia, aiming to become a leading clean ammonia exporter, presently operates only seven terminals with a total storage capacity of around 173,000 tons. Without significant expansion by 2040, this capacity would be sufficient for storing only two to three days' worth of planned clean ammonia exports, Rystad Energy noted.
The hydrogen economy is driving rising ammonia demand, surpassing current infrastructure, the company noted. Major companies are partnering with ammonia producers, and governments are conducting import contract auctions.
For instance, JERA in Japan aims to secure 500,000 tonnes of ammonia annually from 2027, while in Germany, E.ON, Uniper, and RWE have ammonia agreements with international firms. Meanwhile, Germany's H2Global auction offers 10-year green ammonia purchase agreements, and various government-backed initiatives are boosting ammonia demand, including its use as maritime fuel and co-firing in Japan.