An exchange of fire between French troops and Taliban raged near the Afghan capital amid a surge in militant attacks on foreign forces in the war-torn country, Press TV reported.
President Nicolas Sarkozy's office said the troops were fatally shot during a night operation in north-east of Kabul.
Three more French soldiers were also wounded in fighting near Tagab region.
"These soldiers gave their lives in the service of France's commitment to the peace and security of the Afghan people," Sarkozy said in a statement on Monday.
Some 455 foreign troops, nearly half of them American, have been killed in Afghanistan this year alone.
The development comes as the security situation keeps deteriorating in Afghanistan with US-led forces being killed by Taliban militants on a near-daily basis.
According to official figures, more than 2,000 US-led soldiers have been killed in Afghanistan so far.
The increasing number of troop casualties in Afghanistan has caused widespread anger in the US and other NATO member states, undermining public support for the continuation of the Afghan war.